AI Citation Formatter

• APA (American Psychological Association). Common in psychology, education, and the social sciences.
• MLA (Modern Language Association). Common in literature, linguistics, and the humanities.
• Chicago (The Chicago Manual of Style). Common in history, literature, and art history.
• Harvard. Common in business, economics, and management.

• Vancouver. Used by most medical and biomedical journals.
• CSE (Council of Science Editors). Used in biology, medicine, and physics.
• AMA (American Medical Association). Used in medicine and biomedicine.
• ACS (American Chemical Society). Used in chemistry and materials science.

• One reference per line. The system splits them automatically.
• Keep the original authors, titles, journals, and years intact.
• Don't worry about neatness. The formatter cleans things up for you.
• Mixed-language references are supported.

• Strips leading numbering like 1. 2. [1] (1) and similar markers.
• Tidies up stray spaces and punctuation.
• Detects and keeps DOIs and URLs.
• Removes duplicate entries.

• Format recognition accuracy above 95%.
• Multi-language handling above 90%.
• Handles complex mixed-language references.
• Built-in error correction and normalization.

• Powered by a large language model tuned for citation work.
• Follows the official rules of each citation style.
• Preserves all the important academic metadata.
• Falls back to a basic cleanup layer if the AI step fails.

Always do a quick review of key fields like authors, year, and page numbers after formatting.

• Up to roughly 3000 characters per request.
• No hard cap on the number of reference entries within that limit.
• Best results come from formatting 10 to 20 references at a time.

• Split long lists into batches.
• Group similarly formatted references together for consistency.
• Typical processing time: 1 to 3 seconds for simple entries, 3 to 8 seconds for complex ones.

• Psychology and education: use APA.
• Literature and linguistics: use MLA.
• History and art history: use Chicago.
• Business and economics: Harvard is common.

• Medical journals: typically Vancouver or AMA.
• Chemistry journals: ACS.
• Business journals: Harvard.
• International journals: check the submission guidelines.

When in doubt, look up the specific requirements from your target journal or school.

• Too long: split your input into batches of 3000 characters or fewer.
• Format not recognized: make sure each entry has basic information like authors and title.
• Network error: check your connection and refresh the page.
• Rate limit: wait about a minute and try again.

Even if the AI step fails, the system still provides basic numbering and cleanup so you have something to work with.

If retries keep failing, try simplifying your input or rephrasing a few entries.

• DOIs and URLs are detected and preserved automatically.
• DOIs are normalized to the https://doi.org/ form where possible.
• Tracking parameters in URLs (like utm_*) are stripped.
• In styles that do not require a link, the link is hidden automatically.

Different citation styles display DOIs and URLs in different positions and formats. The tool follows the rules of whichever style you pick.

• The output preserves your input order and renumbers the entries automatically.
• Original numbering (like 1. / [1] / (1)) is removed from the input.
• Numbering is always continuous within a single batch.

If you need alphabetical or year-based sorting, sort your list first, then submit it for formatting.

• Surnames and given names are ordered according to the style (typically surname first, given names abbreviated).
• Separators between multiple authors follow the style (comma, "and", "&", etc).
• Whether to use "et al." for long author lists depends on the selected style.

East Asian author names keep surname first and given name after, without abbreviation.

• Spacing around punctuation is normalized automatically.
• Separators are unified so your list stays consistent.
• Stray or duplicated punctuation is cleaned up.

Journal names, book titles, and article title capitalization are handled according to the selected style (for example, APA sentence-case rules).

Authors, title, journal name, year, volume (issue), pages, DOI or URL when available.

Authors, title, conference name, location, year, pages, publisher or organization when available.

Author, title, degree type, awarding institution, year, city if available, DOI or URL when available.

Authors, book title (or chapter title plus book title), edition, publisher, place of publication, year, and page range for chapters.

Author or organization, title, site name, year or last updated date, date accessed, URL.

The tool focuses on formatting reference lists. It does not generate in-text citation placeholders directly.

Format your reference list first, then insert in-text citations manually based on your journal or school requirements.

• Common BibTeX entries are supported. The system parses the main fields for you.
• Plain text references exported from EndNote or Zotero are also recognized.
• If an entry has many custom fields, simplify it down to the standard ones before submitting.

• The system detects clear duplicates based on author, title, and year.
• Entries with incomplete or significantly different information are not merged, to avoid losing anything by mistake.
• Always do a quick review afterward to confirm nothing important was removed.

The tool supports quick conversion between APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, and more. Author formatting, punctuation, capitalization, and link presentation are all adjusted automatically to match the target style.

Most styles recommend adding an access date for volatile content like web pages, preprints, and datasets. The tool preserves or adds access dates where the source supports it.

• Page ranges (such as 123-135) are detected and displayed per style rules.
• Volume, issue or number, and supplement fields are parsed automatically.
• When key information is missing, existing fields are preserved rather than fabricated.